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Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder mimicking Hodgkin’s lymphoma in immunocompetent patients: A case report and literature review

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Case Report

Author Details : Sumaira Kanwal Rafiqui*, Mamunul Islam

Volume : 3, Issue : 3, Year : 2024

Article Page : 247-251

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.yjom.2024.027

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Abstract

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the most common infectious agent associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). This case report discusses a 24-year-old immunocompetent African male presenting with a five-month history of persistent high-grade fever, pancytopenia, and splenomegaly. Initial diagnostic evaluations, including bone marrow biopsy, suggested Hodgkin lymphoma; however, further lymph node biopsy, repeated bone marrow biopsy and comprehensive clinical assessment confirmed EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder with HLH. This case underscores the importance of thorough diagnostic approaches, incorporating multiple biopsy sites and advanced imaging, to differentiate between EBV-associated HLH and hematological malignancies such as lymphomas. Enhanced clinical awareness and understanding of HLH's diverse presentations are essential for timely diagnosis and effective management.

Keywords: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), Epstein­Bar Virus (EBV), lymphoproliferative disorders

How to cite : Rafiqui S K, Islam M, Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder mimicking Hodgkin’s lymphoma in immunocompetent patients: A case report and literature review. Yemen J Med 2024;3(3):247-251

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